Finish-reviver.



To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENTS oninon.

CARLETON ELLIS, OF LABCHMONT, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ELLIS-FOSTER COMPANY, A

CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY] FmIsH-REVIVEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 18, 1908. Serial No. 439,095.

Be it known that I, OARLETONQ ELLIS, a

citizen of the. United States, residing at Larchmont, in the county of *Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Finish- Revivers, of which the following is a specification.

'This invention relates to a'composition of matter for the removal of scratches from the varnished surface, or finish of furniture and similar objects, and for imparting to said finish a high degree of "brilliancy, and relates particularly to compositions comprising two immiscible liquids capable of temporary emulsification upon agitation, each li uid possessing a distinct and characteristic co or, so that upon intermixture the resultant color of the blended liquids differs from either of the colors possessed by the immiscible liquids all as more fully hereinafter set forth, particular points of novelty being specified -1n the subjoined claims.

In the treatment of finished surfaces for the purpose of removing adhering dirt, grime, etc., and in the endeavor to obliteratescratch marks, it has been customary to use immiscible liquids, such, for instance, as oils with water containing butter of antimony and the like. Such compositions are often times very strongly alkaline, or strongly acid, and have a sensible action upon the finish, freqpiently attacking the finish with considera le violence, if allowed to remain thereon for some time. These compositions furthermore, prior to use, must needs be vigorously agitated in order to blend the oil and aqueous solution. Up to the present time, so far as I am advised, there has not been proposed any sort oflndlcator which shows the condition of such mtermixture, so that in using these preparations it frequently happens that theaqueous material partially settle, and the composition as .poured from the container, for application, will contain an excess of oil, hence will not act satisfactorily. For these and other reasons, furniture polishes, so called, are not at present held in particularly highesteem. I

It is the object of the present invention to produce a mixture, or composition, which may be made, if desired,'entirely neutral which will have a pronounced and specific action as regards the obliteration of scratch marks; which will have the property ,of removing grease and grime from the finished surfaces, and which will cleanse, freshen and. brighten the surface so as to give theefiect of a new coat of finish.

It is furthermore the object of this invention to produce a color indicator which will show at any time the precise condition of the mixture, so that the operator at a glance can determine whether, or not, the component arts of the composition are properly blended.

or this purpose, as heretofore stated, I make use of two immiscible liquids, one preferably of an oily character and the other preferably of an aqueous charecter; to these liquids are added coloring materials which impart to each liquid a distinct and characteristic color, different from the other. I preferably employ for this purpose dye-stuffs which aflord two primary colors so that upon intermingling of these colors, by the agitation of t e com osition, the third, or complementary, co oris produced. For example, the oil layer, or oil component, may .be colored a vivid red, by means of an oil soluble dye, while the aqueous layer may be colored a vivid ellow, by means of a water soluble dye. {lpon intermingling the liquids by agitation, the resultant color is a vivid orange, and the uniformity of this coloration indicates at any particular mo ment the ap roximate degree of homogeneity of the emulsion. On standing for a short time, the oil with its coloring matter rises to the. surface, while the aqueous materlal settles to the bottom, forming a red layer at. the surface and a ellow layer at the bottom, and an interme iate zone of orange, of 'eater. or less extent in proportion to the a se of time after agitation. Similarly the oiflayer may be colored blue and the aqueous layer yellow, so that on intermmglmg, a bright'green will be produced. Of course, if the components of the mixture are such that the two immiscible liquids are naturall highly, vividly and characteristically colore no dye-stuffs need be used, but in practice I have. found that to secure a color indicator which is decisive, it is preferable to charge the liquids with strong coloring agents.

As an illustration of my invention, and as now representative of the invention in its preferred form, I give the following formula: Eleven arts of water, nine (parts of alcohol, prefera ly a high grade woo alcohol, such as used in the manufacture of formaldehyde,

sired. The two immiscible liquids, on moderate agitation, quickly intermix to form a bright orange-colored emulsion. This emulsification'is aided by the soluble oil, which also exerts a peculiar action upon the finish,

brightening and freshening the finish and acting upon the white finely powdered materials of the scratched portions of the finish, causing such white markings to disappear. The action is aided by the alcohol and oil present in the composition. It is, of course, desirable to use a Water soluble dye-stuff which does not dissolve in oils, and conversely the dye-stuff used in the oil should not be appreciably soluble in water or alcoholic solutions. By the use of soluble oil I am enabled to prepare a neutral easily-emulsifiable composition, which would not be the case were ordinary soaps used, as common soap when dissolved in water invariably yields an alkaline reaction, even though it may contain surlicient fatty acidtheoretically to neutralize the alkali. This presumably is due to hydrolysis, which is not in evidence with properly prepared sulfonated oils. The

latter may even be made faintly acid without separation of fatty acid.

I may make use of various other oils thanthose specified in the .formula, such for instance, as various other petroleum oils, or animal or vegetable oils, including drying oils, such as linseed oil. Volatile material, such as turpentine, wood tur entine, oil of camphor, carbon tetrachlori benzin, or benzol, etc., may also be incorporated, in place of wood alcohol acetone and various acetone compounds derived in the manufacture of wood alcohol, also denatured alcohol, or other alcoholic bodies may be employed. The alcohol may be omitted under some circumstances. The soluble oil is preferably a'sulfonated castor oil made neutral with soda, or other alkali, but other sulfonated oils may be employed, such as sulfonated cottonseed, or corn oils, including what are known commercially as solid soluble oils, which when freed from Water are of quite firm consistency. The dyestuffs wh1ch may be employed are, of course, quite numerous, and while those which I have mentioned are particularly desirable, I may make use-of any basic or acidic dyestuffs, or other coloring material, which is soluble in the liquids employed in the manner as above set forth The composition may be given an agreeable odor by any suitable perfuming material the artificial oil of Wintergreen, above specified, being especially desirable, although oil of lemon grass, amyl acetate, etc. may be employed when desired, in greater or less quantities.

While, as stated, I prefer to color the two layers in such a manner as to produce distinct, characteristic and vivid primary colors of a different character, I do not wish to limit myself to a precise manner of coloration. It is, however, important to color the ,two layers so vividly that the third, or complementary, color developed by agitation is bright and distinct, so that the exact condition of the emulsion may be determined at any moment by rapid inspection. What I claim is 1- 1. A finish reviver, which comprises a plurality of differently and vividly colored immiscible liquids, including oil and water.

2. A finish reviver, which comprises two differently, characteristically and vividly colored immiscible liquids.

3. A composition for removing scratches on finish-,.which consists of oily material and a ueous material, said oily material being (:0 ored a vivid red and said aqueous material being colored a vivid yellow.

4. A composition for removing scratches on finish, which comprises a mixture of petroleum oil and water, said oily material being colored a vivid red and said water being colored a vivid yellow, and the latter carrying in solution a sulfonated oil.

5. A composition for removing scratches on finish, which consists of petroleum oil, water, alcohol and soluble oil, said oil and water being differently and vividly colored.

6. A composition for removing scratches on finish, which consists of 'eleven parts water, one part soluble oil, nine arts wood alcohol, all colored with yellow ye and an equal volume of a mixture consisting of equal parts of kerosene and neutral oil, vividly colored with an oil soluble red dye.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' CARLETON ELLIS. Witnesses: BIRDELLA M. ELLrs, THEODORE ELLIS. 

